She was a staunch Loyalist and aided her husband in raising the local Scots to fight for the King against the Revolution. Rowan Street and Rowan Park in Fayetteville and a local chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution are named for him, though Rowan County (founded in 1753) was named for his uncle, Matthew Rowan.įlora MacDonald (1722–1790), a Scots Highland woman known for aiding Bonnie Prince Charlie after his Highlander army's defeat at Culloden in 1746, lived in North Carolina for about five years. He served as an officer in the French and Indian War, as sheriff, justice and legislator, and as a leader of the Patriot cause in the Revolutionary War. A merchant and entrepreneur, he settled in Cross Creek in the 1760s. Robert Rowan (circa 1738–1798) was one of the area's leading public figures of the 18th century. Robert Rowan, who apparently organized the group, signed first. "This obligation to continue in full force until a reconciliation shall take place between Great Britain and America, upon constitutional principles, an event we most ardently desire and we will hold all those persons inimical to the liberty of the colonies, who shall refuse to subscribe to this Association and we will in all things follow the advice of our General Committee respecting the purposes aforesaid, the preservation of peace and good order, and the safety of individual and private property." In late June 1775, residents drew up the " Liberty Point Resolves," which preceded the Declaration of Independence by a little more than a year. The area also included several active Revolutionaries. Despite this, they were eventually defeated by a larger Revolutionary force at the Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge. The vast majority of Highland Scots, recent immigrants, remained loyal to the British government and rallied to the call to arms from the Royal Governor. The local region was heavily settled by Scots in the mid/late 1700s, and most of these were Gaelic-speaking Highlanders. Most earlier structures were destroyed by the "great fire" of 1831. The Cool Spring Tavern, built in 1788, is the oldest structure in Fayetteville. Lafayette visited the city on March 4 and 5, 1825, during his grand tour of the United States. Fayetteville was the first city to be named in his honor in the United States. In 1783, Cross Creek and Campbellton united, and the new town was incorporated as Fayetteville in honor of Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, a French military hero who significantly aided the American forces during the war. Campbellton became a place where poor whites and free blacks lived and gained a reputation for lawlessness. The merchants bought land from Newberry in Cross Creek. They were afraid people would use the Pee Dee River and transport their goods to Charleston, South Carolina. Merchants in Wilmington wanted a town on the Cape Fear River to secure trade with the frontier country. Two inland settlements, Cross Creek and Campbellton, were established by Scots from Campbeltown, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. They followed successive cultures of other indigenous peoples in the area for more than 12,000 years.Īfter the violent upheavals of the Yamasee War and Tuscarora Wars during the second decade of the 18th century, the colonial government of North Carolina encouraged colonial settlement along the upper Cape Fear River, the only navigable waterway entirely within the colony. The area of present-day Fayetteville was historically inhabited by various Siouan Native American peoples, such as the Eno, Shakori, Waccamaw, Keyauwee, and Cape Fear people. See also: Timeline of Fayetteville, North Carolina Early settlement Suburban areas of metro Fayetteville include Fort Bragg, Hope Mills, Spring Lake, Raeford, Pope Field, Rockfish, Stedman, and Eastover. With a population in 2020 of 529,252 people, the Fayetteville metropolitan area is the largest in southeastern North Carolina and the fifth-largest in the state. Fayetteville is in the Sandhills in the western part of the Coastal Plain region, on the Cape Fear River. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 208,501, It is the 6th-largest city in North Carolina. Army installation northwest of the city.įayetteville has received the All-America City Award from the National Civic League three times. It is best known as the home of Fort Bragg, a major U.S.
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